N. Airas, S. Saari, T. Mikkonen, A. Virtala, J. Pellikka et al., Sylvatic Trichinella spp. Infection in Finland, Journal of Parasitology, vol.96, issue.1, pp.67-76, 2010.
DOI : 10.1645/GE-2202.1

N. Airas, A. Näreaho, J. Lindén, K. Tuomola, and A. Sukura, The different infectivity of Trichinella spiralis and Trichinella nativa in rat does not solely localize to enteral or parenteral phase, Parasitology Research, vol.130, issue.6, pp.2281-2288, 2012.
DOI : 10.1007/s00436-012-3080-x

T. Ancelle, J. Dupouy-camet, J. C. Desenclos, E. Maillot, S. Savage-houze et al., A multifocal outbreak of trichinellosis linked to horse meat imported from North America to France in 1993, Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg, vol.59, pp.615-619, 1998.

A. Z. Fire and C. C. Mello, for their discovery of RNA interference -gene silencing by double-stranded RNA, The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, p.p, 2006.

P. Arasu, L. A. Ellis, R. Iglesias, F. M. Ubeira, and J. A. Appleton, Molecular analysis of antigens targeted by protective antibodies in rapid expulsion of Trichinella spiralis, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol.65, issue.2, pp.201-211, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-6851(94)90072-8

K. Bi, J. Yang, L. Wang, Y. Gu, B. Zhan et al., Partially Protective Immunity Induced by a 20 kDa Protein Secreted by Trichinella spiralis Stichocytes, PLOS ONE, vol.68, issue.4, 2015.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0136189.t002

P. Boireau, M. Vayssier, J. F. Fabien, C. Perret, M. Calamel et al., Characterization of eleven antigenic groups in Trichinella genus and identification of stage and species markers, Parasitology, vol.115, issue.6, pp.641-651, 1997.
DOI : 10.1017/S0031182097001716

P. Boireau, L. Myngyuan, L. Rhun, D. , W. Xinping et al., Polypeptides reconnus par des anticorps anti-Trichinella et leurs applications, 2007.

V. A. Britov and B. S. , Taxonomic rank of various strains of Trichinella and their circulation in nature, Vestn. Akad. Nauk KSSR, pp.27-32, 1972.

F. Bruschi, J. Dupouy-camet, W. Kociecka, E. Pozio, and F. Bolas-fernandez, Opinion on the diagnosis and treatment of human trichinellosis, Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, vol.237, issue.8, pp.1117-1130, 2002.
DOI : 10.1093/clinids/17.4.637

C. Calvet, New proteomic tools for the identification of proteins influencing the infectivity of the parasitic nematode Trichinella, 2016.

V. A. Capó, D. D. Despommier, and R. I. Polvere, Trichinella spiralis: Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Is Up-Regulated within the Nurse Cell during the Early Phase of Its Formation, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.84, issue.2, pp.209-214, 1998.
DOI : 10.2307/3284472

X. Chen, Y. Yang, J. Yang, Z. Zhang, and X. Zhu, RNAi-Mediated Silencing of Paramyosin Expression in Trichinella spiralis Results in Impaired Viability of the Parasite, PLoS ONE, vol.35, issue.11, p.49913, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0049913.t002

W. F. Choy, M. H. Ng, and P. L. Lim, Trichinella spiralis: Light microscope monoclonal antibody localization and immunochemical characterization of phosphorylcholine and other antigens in the muscle larva, Experimental Parasitology, vol.73, issue.2, pp.172-183, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4894(91)90020-W

B. Connolly, K. Trenholme, and D. F. Smith, Molecular cloning of a myoD-like gene from the parasitic nematode, Trichinella spiralis, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol.81, issue.2, pp.137-149, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-6851(96)02673-4

F. Corpet, Multiple sequence alignment with hierarchical clustering, Nucleic Acids Research, vol.16, issue.22, pp.10881-10890, 1988.
DOI : 10.1093/nar/16.22.10881
URL : http://doi.org/10.1093/nar/16.22.10881

J. J. Dalzell, P. Mcveigh, N. D. Warnock, M. Mitreva, D. M. Bird et al., RNAi Effector Diversity in Nematodes, PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, vol.1779, issue.6, 2011.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001176.s006

D. Despommier, How Does Trichinella spiralis Make Itself at Home?, Parasitology Today, vol.14, issue.8, pp.318-323, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0169-4758(98)01287-3

D. D. Despommier, Trichinella spiralis: The worm that would be virus, Parasitology Today, vol.6, issue.6, pp.193-196, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0169-4758(90)90355-8

D. Despommier, W. F. Symmans, D. , and R. , Changes in Nurse Cell Nuclei during Synchronous Infection with Trichinella spiralis, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.77, issue.2, pp.290-295, 1991.
DOI : 10.2307/3283099

D. D. Despommier, M. Sukhdeo, and E. Meerovitch, Trichinella spiralis: Site selection by the larva during the enteral phase of infection in mice, Experimental Parasitology, vol.44, issue.2, pp.209-215, 1978.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4894(78)90100-5

D. D. Despommier and . Campbell, Biology Trichinella and trichinosis, 1983.

D. D. Despommier, R. W. Gwadz, P. J. Hotez, and C. A. Knirsch, Parasitic Diseases, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/978-1-4612-2476-1

P. Dorny, N. Praet, N. Deckers, and S. Gabriel, Emerging food-borne parasites. One World One Health Parasites Chang, LandscapePlenary Lect. Present. 22nd Int. Conf. World Assoc. Adv. Vet, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2009.05.026

. Parasitol and . Alta, Can. 9-13, pp.196-206, 2009163-08.

J. P. Dubey, D. E. Hill, and D. S. Zarlenga, A Trichinella murrelli infection in a domestic dog in the United States, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.137, issue.3-4, pp.374-378, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2006.01.008

J. Dupouy-camet, Trichinellosis: a worldwide zoonosis, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.93, issue.3-4, pp.191-200, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4017(00)00341-1

J. Dupouy-camet, A. Paugam, G. De-pinieux, V. Lavarde, and A. Vieillefond, Trichinella murrelli: pathological features in human muscles at different delays after infection. Parasite Paris Fr, pp.176-179, 2001.

J. Dupouy-camet, H. Yera, N. Dahane, E. Bouthry, and C. M. Kapel, A cluster of three cases of trichinellosis linked to bear meat consumption in the Arctic, Journal of Travel Medicine, vol.23, issue.5, p.37, 2016.
DOI : 10.1093/jtm/taw037

L. A. Ellis, C. S. Mcvay, M. A. Probert, J. Zhang, D. R. Bundle et al., glycan antigens, Glycobiology, vol.7, issue.3, pp.383-390, 1997.
DOI : 10.1093/glycob/7.3.383

F. Baoquan, Clonage moléculaire et caractéristique d'antigènes des stades larves nouveau-nées et adultes de Trichinella spiralis et développement d'un test ELISA pour le diagnostic précoce de la trichinellose chez le porc, 2005.

H. R. Gamble, Trichinella spiralis: Immunization of mice using monoclonal antibody affinity-isolated antigens, Experimental Parasitology, vol.59, issue.3, pp.398-404, 1985.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4894(85)90095-5

H. R. Gamble, E. Pozio, F. Bruschi, K. Nöckler, C. M. Kapel et al., infection in animals and man, Parasite, vol.11, issue.1, pp.3-13, 2004.
DOI : 10.1051/parasite/20041113

Z. Gao, M. Wang, D. Blair, Y. Zheng, and Y. Dou, Phylogenetic Analysis of the Endoribonuclease Dicer Family, PLoS ONE, vol.320, issue.4, 2014.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0095350.s001

H. H. Garcia, A. E. Gonzalez, V. C. Tsang, S. E. O-'neal, F. Llanos-zavalaga et al., Transmission in Northern Peru, New England Journal of Medicine, vol.374, issue.24, pp.2335-2344, 2016.
DOI : 10.1056/NEJMoa1515520

B. L. Garkavi, The species of Trichinella isolated from wild carnivores, Veterinariia, vol.10, pp.90-91, 1972.

M. A. Gómez-morales, A. Ludovisi, M. Amati, S. Cherchi, P. Pezzotti et al., Validation of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Human Trichinellosis, Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, vol.15, issue.11, pp.1723-1729, 2008.
DOI : 10.1128/CVI.00257-08

T. Hall, BioEdit: a user-friendly biological sequence alignment editor and analysis program for Windows 95/98/NT, Nucleic Acids Symp. Ser, vol.41, pp.95-98, 1999.

R. L. Hall, A. Lindsay, C. Hammond, S. P. Montgomery, P. P. Wilkins et al., Outbreak of Human Trichinellosis in Northern California Caused by Trichinella murrelli, American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene, vol.87, issue.2, pp.297-302, 2012.
DOI : 10.4269/ajtmh.2012.12-0075

J. P. Harley and V. Gallicchio, Trichinella spiralis: Migration of larvae in the rat, Experimental Parasitology, vol.30, issue.1, pp.11-21, 1971.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4894(71)90064-6

M. A. Hassanain, N. A. Hassanain, and F. M. Mogazy, Identification of immunoreactive proteins of Trichinella spiralis adult and adult excretory/secretory (E/S) antigens in sera of human and animals, J. Egypt. Soc. Parasitol, vol.34, pp.281-295, 2004.

D. E. Hill, M. D. Samuel, C. A. Nolden, N. Sundar, D. S. Zarlenga et al., TRICHINELLA MURRELLI IN SCAVENGING MAMMALS FROM SOUTH-CENTRAL WISCONSIN, USA, Journal of Wildlife Diseases, vol.44, issue.3, pp.629-635, 2008.
DOI : 10.7589/0090-3558-44.3.629

Y. Kanai, T. Inoue, T. Mano, N. Nonaka, K. Katakura et al., Epizootiological survey of Trichinella spp. infection in carnivores, rodents and insectivores in Hokkaido, Japan. Jpn. J. Vet. Res, vol.54, pp.175-182, 2007.

C. M. Kapel, Host diversity and biological characteristics of the Trichinella genotypes and their effect on transmission, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.93, issue.3-4, pp.263-278, 2000.
DOI : 10.1016/S0304-4017(00)00345-9

Z. A. Khan, The Postembryonic Development of Trichinella spiralis with Special Reference to Ecdysis, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.52, issue.2, pp.248-259, 1966.
DOI : 10.2307/3276480

R. C. Ko, F. , and L. , Heat shock response of Trichinella spiralis and T. pseudospiralis, Parasitology, vol.45, issue.01, pp.89-95, 1996.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-6851(89)90196-5

S. J. Krivokapich, C. L. Prous, G. M. Gatti, V. Confalonieri, V. Molina et al., Molecular evidence for a novel encapsulated genotype of Trichinella from Patagonia, Argentina, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.156, issue.3-4, pp.234-240, 2008.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.06.003

S. J. Krivokapich, E. Pozio, G. M. Gatti, C. L. Prous, M. Ribicich et al., Trichinella patagoniensis n. sp. (Nematoda), a new encapsulated species infecting carnivorous mammals in South America, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.42, issue.10, pp.903-910, 2012.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijpara.2012.07.009

L. Grange, L. J. Marucci, G. Pozio, and E. , Trichinella zimbabwensis in a naturally infected mammal, Journal of Helminthology, vol.38, issue.01, pp.35-38, 2010.
DOI : 10.1017/S0031182003004542

L. Rosa, G. Marucci, G. Zarlenga, D. S. Casulli, A. Zarnke et al., Molecular identification of natural hybrids between Trichinella nativa and Trichinella T6 provides evidence of gene flow and ongoing genetic divergence, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.33, issue.2, pp.209-216, 2003.
DOI : 10.1016/S0020-7519(02)00258-8

N. C. Larter, L. B. Forbes, B. T. Elkin, A. , and D. G. , Prevalence of Trichinella spp. in Black Bears, Grizzly Bears, and Wolves in the Dehcho Region, Northwest Territories, Canada, Including the First Report of T. nativa in a Grizzly Bear from Canada, Journal of Wildlife Diseases, vol.47, issue.3, pp.745-749, 2011.
DOI : 10.7589/0090-3558-47.3.745

D. L. Lee, R. C. Ko, X. Y. Yi, and M. H. Yeung, Trichinella spiralis: antigenic epitopes from the stichocytes detected in the hypertrophic nuclei and cytoplasm of the parasitized muscle fibre (nurse cell) of the host, Parasitology, vol.45, issue.01, pp.117-123, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0040-8166(87)90073-5

Q. Liu and Z. Paroo, Biochemical Principles of Small RNA Pathways, Annual Review of Biochemistry, vol.79, issue.1, pp.295-319, 2010.
DOI : 10.1146/annurev.biochem.052208.151733

A. Malakauskas and C. M. Kapel, TOLERANCE TO LOW TEMPERATURES OF DOMESTIC AND SYLVATIC TRICHINELLA SPP. IN RAT MUSCLE TISSUE, Journal of Parasitology, vol.89, issue.4, pp.744-748, 2003.
DOI : 10.1645/GE-2969.1

H. P. Marti, K. D. Murrell, and H. R. Gamble, Trichinella spiralis: Immunization of pigs with newborn larval antigens, Experimental Parasitology, vol.63, issue.1, pp.68-73, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4894(87)90079-8

G. Marucci, L. Grange, L. J. , L. Rosa, G. Pozio et al., Trichinella nelsoni and Trichinella T8 mixed infection in a lion (Panthera leo) of the Kruger National Park (South Africa), Veterinary Parasitology, vol.159, issue.3-4, pp.225-228, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2008.10.041

N. B. Millet, G. D. Hart, T. A. Reyman, M. R. Zimmerman, and P. K. Lewin, Mummification for the common people, Disease and Ancient Cultures, 1980.

T. Moczon and M. Wranicz, Trichinella spiralis ???: proteinases in the larvae, Parasitology Research, vol.85, issue.1, pp.47-58, 1999.
DOI : 10.1007/s004360050506

S. Mukaratirwa, L. Grange, L. Pfukenyi, and D. M. , Trichinella infections in animals and humans in sub-Saharan Africa: A review, Acta Tropica, vol.125, issue.1, pp.82-89, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.actatropica.2012.09.005

I. Nagano, Z. Wu, A. Matsuo, E. Pozio, and Y. Takahashi, Identification of Trichinella isolates by polymerase chain reaction???restriction fragment length polymorphism of the mitochondrial cytochrome c-oxidase subunit I gene1Note: nucleotide sequence data reported in this paper are available in the GenBank??? databases under accession numbers AF129486???AF129494.1, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.29, issue.7, pp.1113-1120, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0020-7519(99)00060-0

I. Nagano, Z. Wu, T. Nakada, A. Matsuo, and Y. Takahashi, Molecular cloning and characterization of a serine proteinase inhibitor from Trichinella spiralis, Parasitology, vol.123, issue.01, pp.77-83, 2001.
DOI : 10.1017/S0031182001008010

I. Nagano, Z. Wu, T. Nakada, T. Boonmars, and Y. Takahashi, MOLECULAR CLONING AND CHARACTERIZATION OF A SERINE PROTEINASE GENE OF TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS, Journal of Parasitology, vol.89, issue.1, pp.92-98, 2003.
DOI : 10.1645/0022-3395(2003)089[0092:MCACOA]2.0.CO;2

C. Napoli, C. Lemieux, and R. Jorgensen, Introduction of a Chimeric Chalcone Synthase Gene into Petunia Results in Reversible Co-Suppression of Homologous Genes in trans, THE PLANT CELL ONLINE, vol.2, issue.4, pp.279-289, 1990.
DOI : 10.1105/tpc.2.4.279

M. G. Ortega?pierres, L. Yepez?mulia, W. Homan, H. R. Gamble, P. L. Lim et al., Workshop on a detailed characterization of Trichinella spiralis antigens: a platform for future studies on antigens and antibodies to this parasite, Parasite Immunology, vol.18, issue.6, pp.273-284, 1996.
DOI : 10.1046/j.1365-3024.1996.d01-103.x

I. L. Owen, R. , and S. A. , Survival of Trichinella papuae muscle larvae in a pig carcass maintained under simulated natural conditions in Papua New Guinea, Journal of Helminthology, vol.63, issue.04, pp.429-432, 2007.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2004.09.029

R. I. Polvere, C. A. Kabbash, V. A. Capó, I. Kadan, and D. D. Despommier, Trichinella spiralis:Synthesis of Type IV and Type VI Collagen during Nurse Cell Formation, Experimental Parasitology, vol.86, issue.3, pp.191-199, 1997.
DOI : 10.1006/expr.1997.4180

E. Pozio, The broad spectrum of Trichinella hosts: From cold- to warm-blooded animals, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.132, issue.1-2, pp.3-11, 2005.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2005.05.024

E. Pozio, Searching for Trichinella: not all pigs are created equal, Trends in Parasitology, vol.30, issue.1, pp.4-11, 2014.
DOI : 10.1016/j.pt.2013.11.001

E. Pozio, Trichinella spp. imported with live animals and meat. Spec. Issue Spread Parasites Anim, Mov, vol.213, pp.46-55, 2015.

E. Pozio, Trichinella pseudospiralis an elusive nematode, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.231, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.03.021

E. Pozio, D. Murrell, and K. , Systematics and Epidemiology of Trichinella, 2006.
DOI : 10.1016/S0065-308X(06)63005-4

E. Pozio, L. Rosa, and G. , Trichinella murrelli n. sp: Etiological Agent of Sylvatic Trichinellosis in Temperate Areas of North America, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.86, issue.1, pp.134-139, 2000.
DOI : 10.2307/3284923

E. Pozio and D. S. Zarlenga, New pieces of the Trichinella puzzle, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.43, issue.12-13, pp.983-997, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.ijpara.2013.05.010

E. Pozio, L. Rosa, G. Murrell, K. D. Lichtenfels, and J. R. , Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Trichinella, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.78, issue.4, pp.654-659, 1992.
DOI : 10.2307/3283540

E. Pozio, D. De-meneghi, M. E. Roelke-parker, L. Rosa, and G. , Trichinella nelsoni in Carnivores from the Serengeti Ecosystem, Tanzania, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.83, issue.6, pp.1195-1198, 1997.
DOI : 10.2307/3284388

E. Pozio, I. Owen, L. Rosa, G. Sacchi, L. Rossi et al., Trichinella papuae n.sp. (Nematoda), a new non-encapsulated species from domestic and sylvatic swine of Papua New Guinea, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.29, issue.11, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0020-7519(99)00135-6

E. Pozio, D. B. Pence, L. Rosa, G. Casulli, A. Henke et al., Trichinella Infection in Wildlife of the Southwestern United States, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.87, issue.5, pp.1208-1210, 2001.
DOI : 10.2307/3285270

E. Pozio, C. Foggin, G. Marucci, L. Rosa, G. Sacchi et al., Trichinella zimbabwensis n.sp. (Nematoda), a new non-encapsulated species from crocodiles (Crocodylus niloticus) in Zimbabwe also infecting mammals, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.32, issue.14, pp.1787-1799, 2002.
DOI : 10.1016/S0020-7519(02)00139-X

E. Pozio, M. A. Gomez-morales, and J. Camet, Clinical aspects, diagnosis and treatment of trichinellosis, Expert Review of Anti-infective Therapy, vol.1, issue.3, pp.471-482, 2003.
DOI : 10.1586/14787210.1.3.471

E. Pozio, E. Hoberg, L. Rosa, G. Zarlenga, and D. S. , Molecular taxonomy, phylogeny and biogeography of nematodes belonging to the Trichinella genus, Infection, Genetics and Evolution, vol.9, issue.4, pp.606-616, 2009.
DOI : 10.1016/j.meegid.2009.03.003

E. Pozio, L. Rosa, and G. , PCR-Derived Methods for the Identification of Trichinella Parasites from Animal and Human Samples, pp.299-309, 2003.
DOI : 10.1385/1-59259-344-5:299

M. V. Reichard, L. Torretti, T. A. Snider, J. M. Garvon, G. Marucci et al., Trichinella T6 and Trichinella nativa in Wolverines (Gulo gulo) from Nunavut, Canada, Trichinella T6 and Trichinella nativa in Wolverines (Gulo gulo) from Nunavut, pp.657-661, 2008.
DOI : 10.1007/s00436-008-1028-y

M. V. Reichard, K. E. Tiernan, K. L. Paras, M. Interisano, M. H. Reiskind et al., Detection of Trichinella murrelli in coyotes (Canis latrans) from Oklahoma and North Texas, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.182, issue.2-4, pp.368-371, 2011.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2011.06.001

C. Ruetsch, P. Delaunay, A. Armengaud, F. Peloux-petiot, J. Dupouy-camet et al., Inadequate labeling of pork sausages prepared in Corsica causing a trichinellosis outbreak in France, Parasite, vol.23, 2016.
DOI : 10.1051/parasite/2016027

M. L. Sanmartín, R. Iglesias, M. T. Santamarina, J. Leiro, and F. M. Ubeira, Anatomical location of phosphorylcholine and other antigens on encystedTrichinella using immunohistochemistry followed by Wheatley's trichrome stain, Parasitology Research, vol.36, issue.4, pp.301-306, 1991.
DOI : 10.1007/BF00930905

K. Skírnisson, G. Marucci, and E. Pozio, Trichinella nativa in Iceland: an example of Trichinella dispersion in a frigid zone, Journal of Helminthology, vol.216, issue.02, pp.182-185, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/S0065-308X(06)63005-4

C. Soulé, J. Dupouy-camet, T. Ancelle, P. Bourée, and L. Touratier, Etude du parasite, La trichinellose : une zoonose en évolution, pp.7-42, 1991.

G. L. Stewart, D. D. Despommier, J. Burnham, and K. M. Raines, Trichinella spiralis: Behavior, structure, and biochemistry of larvae following exposure to components of the host enteric environment, Experimental Parasitology, vol.63, issue.2, pp.195-204, 1987.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4894(87)90162-7

X. Z. Su, A. K. Prestwood, and R. A. Mcgraw, Cloning and expression of complementary DNA encoding an antigen of Trichinella spiralis, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol.45, issue.2, pp.331-336, 1991.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-6851(91)90101-B

Y. Takahashi, Antigens of Trichinella spiralis. Parasitol. Today Pers, pp.104-106, 1997.

Y. Takahashi, W. Homan, and P. L. Lim, Ultrastructural Localization of the Phosphorylcholine-Associated Antigen in Trichinella spiralis, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.79, issue.4, pp.604-609, 1993.
DOI : 10.2307/3283388

V. K. Todorova and D. I. Stoyanov, Partial characterization of serine proteinases secreted by adult Trichinella spiralis, Parasitology Research, vol.86, issue.8, pp.684-687, 2000.
DOI : 10.1007/PL00008552

L. Touratier, A challenge of veterinary public health in the European Union: human trichinellosis due to horse meat consumption, Parasite, vol.8, pp.252-256, 2001.
DOI : 10.1051/parasite/200108s2252

I. Vallée, P. Macé, L. Forbes, B. Scandrett, B. Durand et al., Use of Proficiency Samples To Assess Diagnostic Laboratories in France Performing a Trichinella Digestion Assay, Journal of Food Protection, vol.70, issue.7, pp.1556-1769, 2007.
DOI : 10.4315/0362-028X-70.7.1685

I. Vallée, V. Lainé-prade, N. Versillé, S. Deville, Y. Yang et al., High protection of pigs against Trichinella spiralis induced by a vaccine based on a combination of recombinant proteins, 2012.

I. Vallée, G. Zanella, and P. Boireau, Surveillance nationnale des trichinelloses animales: un dispositif efficace de protection des consommateurs, 2016.

M. Vayssier, L. Guerhier, F. Fabien, J. F. Philippe, H. Vallet et al., Cloning and analysis of a Trichinella britovi gene encoding a cytoplasmic heat shock protein of 72 kDa, Parasitology, vol.119, issue.1, pp.81-93, 1999.
DOI : 10.1017/S0031182099004461

J. Villella, Trichinosis in Man and Animals, Trichinosis in Man and Animals, pp.19-60, 1970.

C. H. Wang and R. G. Bell, Trichinella spiralis: Newborn larval migration route in rats reexamined, Experimental Parasitology, vol.61, issue.1, pp.76-85, 1986.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4894(86)90137-2

R. Wang, Z. Wang, C. , and J. , [Immunodiagnostic value and immune protection of the recombinant Ts21 antigen of Trichinella spiralis], Zhongguo Ji Sheng Chong Xue Yu Ji Sheng Chong Bing Za Zhi, vol.27, pp.17-21, 2009.

Z. Q. Wang, S. B. Zhang, P. Jiang, R. D. Liu, S. R. Long et al., The siRNA-mediated silencing of Trichinella spiralis nudix hydrolase results in reduction of larval infectivity, Parasitology Research, vol.108, issue.3, 2015.
DOI : 10.1007/s00436-015-4650-5

M. Wassenegger, S. Heimes, L. Riedel, and H. L. Sänger, RNA-directed de novo methylation of genomic sequences in plants, Cell, vol.76, issue.3, pp.567-576, 1994.
DOI : 10.1016/0092-8674(94)90119-8

K. A. Wright, Trichinella spiralis: An Intracellular Parasite in the Intestinal Phase, The Journal of Parasitology, vol.65, issue.3, pp.441-445, 1979.
DOI : 10.2307/3280292

J. Yang, Y. Gu, Y. Yang, J. Wei, S. Wang et al., Trichinella spiralis: Immune response and protective immunity elicited by recombinant paramyosin formulated with different adjuvants, Experimental Parasitology, vol.124, issue.4, pp.403-408, 2010.
DOI : 10.1016/j.exppara.2009.12.010

J. Yang, W. Zhu, J. Huang, X. Wang, X. Sun et al., Partially protective immunity induced by the 14-3-3 protein from Trichinella spiralis, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.231, 2016.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2016.06.028

Y. Yang, X. Yang, Y. Gu, Y. Wang, X. Zhao et al., Protective immune response induced by co-immunization with the Trichinella spiralis recombinant Ts87 protein and a Ts87 DNA vaccine, Veterinary Parasitology, vol.194, issue.2-4, pp.207-210, 2013.
DOI : 10.1016/j.vetpar.2013.01.057

Y. Yang, S. A. Lacour, V. Lainé-prade, N. Versillé, A. Grasset-chevillot et al., SUMMARY, Parasitology, vol.53, issue.06, pp.783-790, 2015.
DOI : 10.1051/parasite/200108s2027
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/in2p3-01016748

Y. Yang, I. Vallée, S. Lacour, P. Boireau, S. P. Cheng et al., Abstract, Journal of Helminthology, vol.11, issue.02, pp.232-237, 2016.
DOI : 10.1086/514199
URL : https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01153717

C. Yao and D. P. Jasmer, Nuclear antigens in Trichinella spiralis infected muscle cells: nuclear extraction, compartmentalization and complex formation, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol.92, issue.2, pp.207-218, 1998.
DOI : 10.1016/S0166-6851(97)00199-0

H. Yera, S. Andiva, C. Perret, D. Limonne, P. Boireau et al., Development and Evaluation of a Western Blot Kit for Diagnosis of Human Trichinellosis, Clinical and Vaccine Immunology, vol.10, issue.5, pp.793-796, 2003.
DOI : 10.1128/CDLI.10.5.793-796.2003

D. S. Zarlenga and H. R. Gamble, Molecular cloning and expression of an immunodominant 53-kDa excretory-secretory antigen from Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae, Molecular and Biochemical Parasitology, vol.42, issue.2, pp.165-174, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0166-6851(90)90159-J

D. S. Zarlenga, M. B. Chute, A. Martin, and C. M. Kapel, A multiplex PCR for unequivocal differentiation of all encapsulated and non-encapsulated genotypes of Trichinella, International Journal for Parasitology, vol.29, issue.11, pp.1859-1867, 1999.
DOI : 10.1016/S0020-7519(99)00107-1

F. A. Zenker, Ueber die Trichinen-Krankheit des Menschen, Archiv f??r Pathologische Anatomie und Physiologie und f??r Klinische Medicin, vol.18, issue.5-6, pp.561-572, 1860.
DOI : 10.1007/BF01878586

Y. Zhang, D. Chen, M. A. Smith, B. Zhang, and X. Pan, Selection of Reliable Reference Genes in Caenorhabditis elegans for Analysis of Nanotoxicity, PLoS ONE, vol.7, issue.3, 2012.
DOI : 10.1371/journal.pone.0031849.t004

D. Z. Zhu and R. G. Bell, Trichinella spiralis: Murine strain variation in response to monoclonally defined, protective, nonstage-specific antigens, Experimental Parasitology, vol.70, issue.3, pp.330-343, 1990.
DOI : 10.1016/0014-4894(90)90115-S

X. Zhu, J. Yang, Y. Yang, P. Boireau, B. Zhan et al., [Prokaryotic expression and characterization of an antigenic gene of adult Trichinella spiralis], pp.16-19, 2003.